Python

Python's @dataclass (introduced in Python 3.7) is a decorator that automatically generates boilerplate methods for classes that primarily store data. It simplifies class creation; no need to manually write `__init__`, `__repr__`, etc.

Working with JSON in Python seems straightforward — the built‑in json module can load data from a file and dump Python objects back to disk. Many new developers, however, run into confusing errors, odd behaviour or inefficient patterns when handling real‑world JSON.

The __pycache__ folder in Python is where the interpreter stores compiled bytecode files to optimize program execution. But what exactly does that mean, and why is it important?

Have you ever written a Python script, run it successfully, and then imported it into another program only to watch it behave strangely? Maybe it printed a prompt you didn’t expect or started an expensive computation as soon as you imported it.

Python variables have different scopes: local, enclosing, global, and built-in, organized by the LEGB rule. Use globals() and locals() to inspect variable scope, and follow best practices to avoid naming conflicts

Partials in Python is a function that behaves like an existing function but with some arguments already filled in. It is created using the functools.partial function from the functools module

Python has three division operators: /, //, and %. The / operator performs true division, // performs floor division, and % gives the modulus.

Pythons functool provides a number of functions and utilities for functional programming, such as higher-order functions, partial function application, and memoization.

Meta-programming in Python allows developers to write code that manipulates code itself, enabling dynamic behavior and advanced programming techniques. Examples include decorators, metaclasses, and dynamic class creation.

while Python does not enforce variable types at runtime, developers can use type hints in conjunction with static analysis tools or third-party libraries to impose type constraints.